No, you will not be charged for enabling public sharing. Public links is a feature that is included and is intended to be used when you want to share a page with someone outside of Confluence without giving them access to your instance. Note that the public page is limited in what it can show, for example page tree and other macros will be hidden.
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If you need to share more pages in an organized manner without enabling anonymous access to your Confluence space, you can use an app to create a publicly available site for you:
Scroll Viewport (I'm using this one)
Instant Website
The following two apps depend on Space permissions so require a space with public access.
Refined for Confluence
Spacecraft Theme
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